| Kingdom
of
Ends
Immanuel
Kant
1724-1804 |
| |
Are all people treated with the utmost dignity and
respect?
(as ends and not as means - sanctity of life -worthy of infinity
respect)
(poor, rich, young, old,
intelligent, challenged, attractive, deformed..) |
| Categorical
Imperative Immanuel
Kant
1724-1804 |
| |
Could you logically will that this be a universal
rule?
"Act so that the maxim [principle] of your action can be willed
as universal law" Immanuel Kant |
| Divine
Command Theory |
| |
What did God command?
Does the conclusion reflect the Judeo-Christian tradition? [It's OK
if it doesn't]
(Thou shalt not steal. Thou shalt not commit adultery)
Would God approve of your conclusion? |
|
Utilitarianism
John
Stuart Mill
1806 - 1872 |
| |
Pain and pleasure are the measure - does this yield
more pleasure according to the utilitarian calculus?
(Is pleasure the appropriate criteria by which to judge this
actions?)
Did you remember to include all "sentient" (feeling)
beings (animals)? |
| Ethical
Egoism Ayn
Rand
1905 - 1982 |
| |
If we practice the virtue of. selfishness
(self-development), letting nothing get in our way, we will improve
ourselves & have more to contribute to the world, thus the world
will be a better place
How is this true (or not true) in relation to this particular oral
report? |
| Virtue
Ethics Alasdair
MacIntyre Aristotle
|
| |
Would a person who has lived a virtuous
life tend to agree with the position? Patience, goodness, truthfulness, courage...the right
response would come naturally from virtuous persons who
are free because they are control of their actions and
behaviors which are directed towards the good (as opposed to unvirtuous
persons who are slaves to their emotions,
passions, greediness, self-esteem, self-image, transient
needs...) |
| Ethics
of Care, Feminist Ethics
Carol Gilligan
and Annette Baier |
| |
Is this the most caring way to respond to this
particular situation at hand?
Forget about the mechanical rules created by men & just think
about care |